The thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck which produces thyroid hormone. This hormone plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, energy levels, and body temperature. When the thyroid is underactive, known as hypothyroidism, common symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, depression, cold intolerance, and sluggishness.
Conversely, an overactive thyroid, or hyperthyroidism, can lead to symptoms such as rapid weight loss, anxiety, palpitations, heat intolerance, and irritability. Thyroid dysfunction is also influenced by factors like stress, diet, and exposure to environmental toxins. Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential to restoring hormonal balance and improving metabolic health.
In Ayurveda, thyroid imbalances are considered a result of disharmony in the body’s doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha). The thyroid gland, which is responsible for regulating metabolism, is associated with the Kapha dosha due to its control over body structure, and Pitta dosha, as it governs transformation and metabolism.
Thyroid issues like hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) are treated differently in Ayurveda, with various herbs, dietary suggestions, and lifestyle practices to balance the doshas.
Here is a detailed look at Ayurvedic herbs and remedies for thyroid health:
Ayurvedic herbs for thyroid health
- Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) : Ashwagandha is known to be adaptogenic, stress-relieving and supports thyroid function. It is considered one of the best herbs for supporting the thyroid gland, especially in hypothyroidism. It helps regulate the hormone levels, reduces stress (a key factor in thyroid health), and boosts energy levels. It may be taken as a powder (Churna) or in capsule form.
- Guggulu (Commiphora mukul): Guggul is anti-inflammatory, supports fat metabolism, and has detoxifying properties. Guggulu is known for balancing Kapha dosha and is used in managing weight gain associated with hypothyroidism. It may enhance thyroid function by supporting the conversion of the inactive thyroid hormone T4 to the active T3 form. It also helps remove toxins (ama) and improves metabolism. Guggulu is often taken as a tablet or capsule. KanchanarGuggulu, a combination of guggulu and kanchanar bark, is traditionally used to support thyroid function.
- Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) : Brahmi is considered a brain tonic, adaptogenic, and enhances cognitive function. Brahmi is useful for reducing mental fog and fatigue associated with hypothyroidism. It can also help calm an overactive mind and reduce anxiety and restlessness, common symptoms of hyperthyroidism. It also helps in managing stress and enhancing mental clarity. It is typically consumed as a powder or in tablet form.
- Shilajit (Asphaltum): Shilajit is a rejuvenating, mineral-rich, and energizing substance found in nature. It supports overall metabolism and energy production in the body. It is particularly beneficial for fatigue and sluggish metabolism associated with hypothyroidism. Minerals and bioactive compounds found in Shilajit may help nourish the thyroid gland, promoting its optimal functioning. It can be taken as a resin or in capsule form.
- Triphala: Triphala is detoxifying, is a mild laxative, and improves digestion. Triphala is a combination of three fruits (Haritaki, Bibhitaki, and Amalaki) that help detoxify the body, improving digestion, and regulating metabolism. Regular use of Triphala can improve digestion, enhance metabolic processes, and support overall thyroid health, making it a valuable remedy for maintaining balance across all doshas. Typically taken as a powder with warm water at bedtime.
- Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus): Shatavari has Cooling, nourishing and adaptogenic properties. It is a rejuvenating herb that helps cool the body and balance the excess Pitta. It supports the endocrine system and reduces symptoms of hyperthyroidism like anxiety and excessive sweating. It is typically taken as a powder mixed with warm milk or in capsule form.
- Amalaki or Amla (Emblica officinalis): Amla is cooling, and rich in antioxidants and Vitamin C. It helps balance Pitta and supports the immune system, providing nourishment to tissues and cooling excess heat in the body. It can be consumed fresh in season in the form of juice. In the off-season, it can be taken as a pickle, murabba, candy, powder, or capsule. But with thyroid dysfunctions, it is better to avoid high-sugar alternatives.
- Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia): Guduchi has rejuvenating, immune-boosting and detoxifying properties. It is helpful in supporting the immune system and cooling down inflammation in the body. It balances the Pittadosha and regulates the thyroid’s excessive activity. Guduchi can be taken as a powder or decoction.
- Punarnava (Boerhavia Diffusa): Punarnava is an Ayurvedic herb known for its rejuvenating and detoxifying properties, particularly beneficial for supporting thyroid health. It helps in balancing the Kapha dosha and is useful in managing hypothyroidism, where sluggish metabolism and water retention are common issues. Punarnava is a diuretic, which helps in reducing fluid accumulation (edema) often associated with hypothyroidism.
Its anti-inflammatory properties support the thyroid gland’s overall function by reducing inflammation and encouraging tissue repair. Typically, it is consumed as a decoction, powder, or in capsule form.
- Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is a potent herb in Ayurveda known for its adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and rejuvenating properties, making it beneficial for thyroid health, particularly in hypothyroidism. It helps regulate cortisol levels, supporting the adrenal glands, which are closely connected to thyroid function. Additionally, licorice balances the Vata and Kapha doshas, aiding metabolism and promoting hormonal balance.
Home remedies like ginger, coconut oil, and sesame seeds are also considered beneficial for thyroid health.
There are some important considerations while using herbs for thyroid dysfunction.
- Many individuals with thyroid issues are already on synthetic thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Certain Ayurvedic herbs can interact with these medications, potentially altering hormone levels or absorption. So close monitoring is needed to avoid over- or under-correction of thyroid function.
- Ayurveda emphasizes a personalized approach to treatment. Not all herbs work the same way for every individual. Always consult an Ayurvedic practitioner for expert advice.
- Ayurvedic herbs are most effective when combined with appropriate dietary and lifestyle changes. A diet that balances the doshas is critical for thyroid health, along with practices like yoga and meditation.
- Herbal remedies often require time to show effects. Unlike synthetic thyroid medications, which can act quickly, Ayurvedic herbs may take several weeks or months to create noticeable changes. Patience and consistency are key in Ayurvedic treatments.